beckwith



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

.W. H. BEGKWITH.

00KB OVEN DOOR.

ml 288F761.

M Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

yin/aw MIL'LE S S (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. H; BEOKWITH.

00KB OVEN DOOR. N0. 288,76- I Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

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ATENT LATROBE, PENNSYLVANIA.

COKE-OVEN DOOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,761, dated November 20, 1883.

Application filed November 22, 1882. (No model.)

1T0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. BEOKWITH, of Latrobe, in the county of \Vestmoreland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Coke-Oven Doors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is afront elevation of my improved door for cokeovens. Fig; 2 is a longitudinal section through the line to at, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the line y 3 Fig. 1; and Figs. a and 5 are perspective views of the fire-brick tiles.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

My invention relates to an improvement in doors for coke-ovens; and has for its object to so construct a door that it will withstand the heat of the oven and will allow of the regulation of the draft.

I will now describe my invention, so that others skilledin the art inaymanufacture and use the same.

In the drawings, a represents the lower portion of the door, provided with hinges a for securing it to the face of the oven, and a latch, a for the purpose of fastening it when shut. The upper portion, 1), of the door is provided with hinges b and latch b similar to those on the lower portion, a. At the top of theupper half, b, of the door, are two small doors, 0 c, for the purpose of admitting air to the oven. By dividing the door into a base-section, a leveling-section, and draitsections above or at the upper part of the leveling-section, free access can be had to the oven for drawing the charge to the upper part for leveling the charge, or for admitting air near the crown of the oven to support the slow oxidationor combustion incident to the coking process, and the access of air can be perfectlycontrolled. The outer face of all of these parts of the door are formed of metal, and secured to the rear faces of the same are tiles of fire-brick (I, e, and f. On the inner face of these tiles at each end are L-shaped projections g, which look into corresponding L -shaped projections, h, in the metal front of the door, whereby the tiles are secured to the door in such a manner as to form the air-space k.

Opening through the front of the door into the space k are air-holes Z, which may be closed by the shutters m m. These shutters are flat disks pivoted by the bolts a n to the front of theupper and lower half of the door, and are provided with holes 0 0, corresponding to the holes I linthe front plates of the door, so that by turning the shutters on their axes the holes 0 0 are brought over the holes Z Z, or removed therefrom, according as to whether it is neces sary tdadmit air into the space it or not. The purpose of these air-holes is to admit air between the fire-brick tiles and metal front to prevent the door being warped or destroyed by the heat, and the purpose of the shutters is to convert the space k into adead-air chamher when it is necessary to prevent the chilling of the refractory lining of the door. While at times it is desirable to cause the circulation of air through space is to preserve the metal front plate of the door, it is equally as important to guard against the chilling of the refractory inner lining, which cannot be done unless shutters'are provided.

By means of the L-shaped projections g and h the tiles are easily secured to the metal por= tion of the door, and when they become worn by the heat they may be removed and new tiles put in their places.

The operation is as follows: WVhen the cokeoven has been charged and the fire lighted, the door being shut, the draft may be regulated by opening or closing the doors 0. The purpose of forming the door in two parts, a and b, is for leveling oii the coke in the oven after it is partially burned, which could not well be done by opening the entire door.

The advantages of my invention are that a coke-oven door is produced which will withstand the heat, and at the same time admit of the dressing of the coke in the oven and the regulation of the draft.

I am aware that stove and furnace doors have comm only been provided with dampers to regulate the inflow of air but I am not aware that any one has ever before used such a damper or shutter in connection with a coke-oven door having afire-brick lining and an air-space between the lining and the body of the door.

This shutter forms an important element of the combination, because it enables the attendant to regulatethe admission of air to the air-space between the door and lining, and thus to prevent the fracture of the latter through sudden cooling. In practice the shutters are partially or wholly closed until a heat is reached or approached that would be liable to rupture the metal front, when it is opened, as required. The heat of the lining is by such time sufficient to temper the incoming air and prevent the fracture of the lining, while at the same time the current of air serves to prevent the warp ing of the front. In this way the lining is prevented from being highly heated on one side while being kept at a low temperature on the other side, which would occur were the full body of air allowed to circulate through the air-space before the lining becomes heated throughout.

I am also aware that itis not new to construct coke-oven doors in two sections-one above another-to permit the charging of the oven or leveling of the charge without disturbing the lower section, and without liability of accidentally withdrawing any part of the charge; but I am not aware that such a door has ever before been provided with small air-inlet doors at the top of the oven, capable of being opened and of remaining open much or little, according to the required admission of air.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

. 1. A coke-oven door consisting of a lower section, a, for permitting the charge to be withdrawn, upper section, b, for permitting the charge to be leveled without escaping from the oven, and air-inlet doors 0, applied.

to openings at the top of section b, and adapted to be opened and to stand open to a greater or less extent according to the required supply of air to the oven.

2. In combination with the metal body of a perforated coke-oven door, an inner face or lining applied to the door, substantially as shown, to form an air-space between the door and lining, and a shutter applied to the door and adapted to open or close the perforations I at will whereby the clrculation of air through WILLIAM H. BEOKWITH.

WVitnesses:

V. F. CONNER, GEO. N. BEcKwrn-L 

